VirtualBox : Run as Service (Linux)

ที่มา : http://www.glump.net/howto/virtualbox_as_a_service
http://intranet.sci.com/blog.php?u=3&b=669

1.Setup VirtualBox ให้เรียบร้อย
2.สร้าง Config ไฟล์

sudo touch /etc/default/virtualbox
sudo nano /etc/default/virtualbox

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1. SHUTDOWN_USERS="user1 user2" # space-delimited list of users who might have runnings vms. Excemple "sa"
2. SHUTDOWN=savestate           # if any are found, suspend them to disk

3.สร้าง script สำหรับเรียกใช้งาน (ที่มา https://github.com/bkidwell/vbox-service-template)
*ตั้งชื่อไฟล์ว่า vbox-ตามด้วยชื่อของ VM เช่น vbox-OCS-SERVER แล้วแก้ไขข้อมูลใน script ให้ตรงกับสภาพแวดล้อมของ VM

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1. #! /bin/sh
2. #
3. # chkconfig: 2345 90 10
4. ### BEGIN INIT INFO
5. # Provides:          vbox-service-template
6. # Required-Start:    $remote_fs $syslog
7. # Required-Stop:     $remote_fs $syslog
8. # Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
9. # Default-Stop:      0 1 6
10. # Short-Description: 'service-template' virtual machine
11. # Description:       Starts and stops a VirtualBox host as a service.
12. ### END INIT INFO
13.  
14. # Author: Brendan Kidwell <brendan@glump.net>
15. # License: GPL 3 <http://opensource.org/licenses/GPL-3.0>
16. #
17. # Based on /etc/init.d/skeleton from Ubuntu 12.04.
18.  
19. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
20. #
21. #  CONFIGURATION
22. #
23. #  What is the name of the VM exactly as it appears in the VirtualBox control
24. #  panel? This is the 'name' and the 'long name' of the VM.
25. #
26. #     Does 'name' contain spaces or other special characters? If so, you must
27. #     make up some other value for 'name' that doesn't have spaces.
28. #
29. #  Setup:
30. #
31. #  1. Copy this file to /etc/init.d/vbox-'name'. The filename must start with
32. #     the prefix "vbox-". Make sure you set the 'x' bit on the file to make it
33. #     executable.
34. #
35. #  2. Edit 'Provides', above, to match the filename.
36. #
37. #  3. Edit 'Short-Description' to describe the function of the VM.
38. #
39. #  4. If 'long name' is different from 'name' fill it in below, otherwise leave
40. #     LONGNAME as an empty string.
41.      VM_LONG_NAME=""   # Exemple "NameVM", Exemple "Proxy"
42. #
43. #  5. What user owns the virtual machine?
44.      VM_OWNER=???   # Insert name by number 1. Exemple "sa"
45. #
46. #  6. Which stop command? "hibernate" or "powerbutton"
47.      VM_STOP=hibernate
48. #
49. #  7. For the 'start-wait' command -- waiting until network is up, what is the
50. #     VM's hostname?
51.       VM_HOSTNAME=""
52. #
53. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
54.  
55. # Do NOT "set -e"
56.  
57. # PATH should only include /usr/* if it runs after the mountnfs.sh script
58. PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin
59. # Pull DESC from file header
60. DESC=`grep --max-count=1 "^# Short-Description:" $(readlink -f $0)|cut --delimiter=' ' --field=3-|sed 's/^ *//'`
61. # Pull NAME from file header
62. NAME=`grep --max-count=1 "^# Provides:" $(readlink -f $0)|cut --delimiter=' ' --field=3-|sed 's/^ *//'`
63. SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME
64.  
65. MANAGE_CMD=VBoxManage
66.  
67. # Get VM_SHORT_NAME from service name
68. VM_SHORT_NAME=`echo $NAME|cut --delimiter='-' --field=2-`
69. # Actual filename of VM is VM_SHORT_NAME, or if VM_LONG_NAME is set, use that
70. if [ ! "$VM_LONG_NAME" ] ; then VM_LONG_NAME=$VM_SHORT_NAME ; fi
71.  
72. # Do not use 'sudo' if this script is actually running as VM_OWNER already
73. if [ `whoami` = $VM_OWNER ] ; then SUDO_CMD="" ; else SUDO_CMD="sudo -H -u $VM_OWNER" ; fi
74.  
75. # Set VBoxManage command for stop action
76. if [ $VM_STOP = powerbutton ] ; then VM_STOP_CMD=acpipowerbutton ; else VM_STOP_CMD=savestate ; fi
77.  
78. # If VM_HOSTNAME isn't set (for 'start-wait' command) use VM_SHORTNAME
79. if [ ! "$VM_HOSTNAME" ] ; then VM_HOSTNAME=$VM_SHORT_NAME; fi
80.  
81. # Load the VERBOSE setting and other rcS variables
82. . /lib/init/vars.sh
83.  
84. # Define LSB log_* functions.
85. # Depend on lsb-base (>= 3.2-14) to ensure that this file is present
86. # and status_of_proc is working.
87. . /lib/lsb/init-functions
88.  
89. get_vm_state()
90. {
91.    # possible SHORT_STATE values: running, paused, aborted, powered off
92.  
93.    VMINFO=$($SUDO_CMD $MANAGE_CMD showvminfo "$VM_LONG_NAME" 2>/dev/null)
94.    if [ $? = 0 ] ; then
95.        # No error retriving state string
96.        LONG_STATE=$(echo "$VMINFO"|grep --max-count=1 "^State:"|cut --delimiter=' ' \
97.            --fields=2-|sed 's/^ *//')
98.        SHORT_STATE=$(echo $LONG_STATE|cut --delimiter="(" --fields=1|sed 's/ *$//')
99.        # Fix for syntax highlighting in KomodoEdit for previous line
100.        [ 0 = 1 ] && NOOP=$(echo ")")
101.    else
102.        # VM must be missing
103.        LONG_STATE=missing
104.        SHORT_STATE=missing
105.    fi
106. }
107.  
108. do_start()
109. {
110.    # Return
111.    #   0 if daemon has been started
112.    #   1 if daemon was already running
113.    #   2 if daemon could not be started
114.  
115.    get_vm_state
116.  
117.    if [ "$SHORT_STATE" = "missing" ] ; then
118.        echo Could not access VM \"$VM_LONG_NAME\".
119.        return 2
120.    fi
121.  
122.    if [ "$SHORT_STATE" = "running" ] ; then
123.        echo VM \"$VM_LONG_NAME\" is already running.
124.        return 1
125.    fi
126.  
127.    $SUDO_CMD $MANAGE_CMD startvm "$VM_LONG_NAME" -type vrdp || {
128.        echo Failed to start VM \"$VM_LONG_NAME\".
129.        return 2
130.    }
131.  
132.    # No status report; VBoxManage said if it worked.
133.    return 0
134. }
135.  
136. do_stop()
137. {
138.    # Return
139.    #   0 if daemon has been stopped
140.    #   1 if daemon was already stopped
141.    #   2 if daemon could not be stopped
142.    #   other if a failure occurred
143.  
144.    get_vm_state
145.  
146.    if [ "$SHORT_STATE" = "missing" ] ; then
147.        echo Could not access VM \"$VM_LONG_NAME\".
148.        return 3
149.    fi
150.  
151.    if [ ! "$SHORT_STATE" = "running" ] ; then
152.        echo VM \"$VM_LONG_NAME\" is already stopped.
153.        return 1
154.    fi
155.  
156.    $SUDO_CMD $MANAGE_CMD controlvm "$VM_LONG_NAME" $VM_STOP_CMD || {
157.        echo Failed to hibernate VM \"$VM_LONG_NAME\".
158.        return 2
159.    }
160.  
161.    echo Waiting for \"$VM_LONG_NAME\" to complete shutdown...
162.    while [ "$SHORT_STATE" = "running" ] ; do
163.        sleep 1
164.        get_vm_state
165.    done
166.  
167.    echo The VM \"$VM_LONG_NAME\" has been stopped \($VM_STOP\).
168.    return 0
169. }
170.  
171. do_status()
172. {
173.    get_vm_state
174.    if [ "$SHORT_STATE" = "missing" ] ; then
175.        echo Could not access VM \"$VM_LONG_NAME\".
176.        return 2
177.    fi
178.    echo Status of VM \"$VM_LONG_NAME\": $LONG_STATE
179.  
180.    if [ "$SHORT_STATE" = "running" ] ; then return 1 ; else return 0 ; fi
181. }
182.  
183. do_reload() {
184.    VM_STOP=powerbutton
185.    VM_STOP_CMD=acpipowerbutton
186.    do_stop && do_start
187. }
188.  
189. do_wait_for_online() {
190.    echo Waiting for \"$VM_LONG_NAME\" to come up on the network...
191.    while [ ! "$result" = "0" ] ; do
192.        sleep 1
193.        ping -c 1 $VM_HOSTNAME >/dev/null 2>/dev/null
194.        result=$?
195.    done
196.    echo Ready.
197. }
198.  
199. case "$1" in
200.  start)
201.    [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_daemon_msg "Starting $DESC" "$NAME"
202.    do_start
203.    case "$?" in
204.        0|1) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 0 ;;
205.        2) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1 ;;
206.    esac
207.    ;;
208.  start-wait)
209.    do_start && do_wait_for_online
210.    ;;
211.  stop)
212.    [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_daemon_msg "Stopping $DESC" "$NAME"
213.    do_stop
214.    case "$?" in
215.        0|1) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 0 ;;
216.        2) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1 ;;
217.    esac
218.    ;;
219.  status)
220.    do_status && exit 0 || exit $?
221.    ;;
222.  restart|force-reload)
223.    #
224.    # If the "reload" option is implemented then remove the
225.    # 'force-reload' alias
226.    #
227.    [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_daemon_msg "Restarting $DESC" "$NAME"
228.    VM_STOP=powerbutton
229.    VM_STOP_CMD=acpipowerbutton
230.    do_stop
231.    case "$?" in
232.      0|1)
233.        do_start
234.        case "$?" in
235.            0) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 0 ;;
236.            1) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1 ;; # Old process is still running
237.            *) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1 ;; # Failed to start
238.        esac
239.        ;;
240.      *)
241.        # Failed to stop
242.        [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1
243.        ;;
244.    esac
245.    ;;
246.  restart-wait)
247.    VM_STOP=poweroff
248.    VM_STOP_CMD=acpipowerbutton
249.    do_stop
250.    do_start && do_wait_for_online
251.    ;;
252.  *)
253.    echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|start-wait|stop|status|restart|restart-wait|force-reload}" >&2
254.    exit 3
255.    ;;
256. esac
257.  
258. :
259.  
260.  

4.ทดสอบ script (chmod u+x ก่อน) by use command in terminal "chmod u+x /etc/init.d/vbox-Name"

/etc/init.d/vbox-NAME status # Is the VM running?
/etc/init.d/vbox-NAME start # Start the VM
/etc/inid.d/vbox-NAME stop # Stop the VM

5.ติดตั้ง script ให้ทำงานทุกครั้งตอน boot

sudo update-rc.d vbox-NAME defaults 90

Last edited by Suwit_J on Tue 11/09/2012 13:53:50, edited 1 time in total.